Frame objects, used to model beams, columns, braces, and truss elements in planar and 3D systems, are straight lines which connect two nodes. Biaxial bending, torsion, axial deformation, and biaxial shear are all accounted for in the Bathe and Wilson (1976) beam-column formulation which characterizes frame behavior. Material nonlinearity may be modeled through the assignment of frame hinges. Multiple straight segments may be used to model curved members, and features are available for non-prismatic members. The
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[_Analysis Reference Manual_] (The Frame Element, page 81) provides additional information on frame objects.
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