...
...
objects
...
are
...
very
...
well
...
suited
...
for
...
modeling
...
the
...
nonlinear
...
force-velocity
...
relationship
...
of
...
viscous
...
damping
...
.
...
The
...
damping
...
properties
...
of
...
...
viscous
...
dampers
...
are
...
based
...
on
...
the
...
Maxwell
...
model
...
of
...
viscoelasticity
...
(Malvern,
...
1969),
...
and
...
may
...
be
...
specified
...
for
...
each
...
deformational
...
degree-of-freedom
...
(DOF).
...
Those
...
DOF
...
without
...
nonlinear
...
specification
...
will
...
remain
...
linear
...
by
...
using
...
effective
...
stiffness,
...
which
...
may
...
be
...
zero.
...
Additional
...
information
...
is
...
available
...
in
...
the
...
...
...
...
(Nonlinear
...
Viscous
...
Damper
...
Property,
...
page
...
257).
...
Two
...
sets
...
of
...
properties
...
are
...
available
...
to
...
...
,
...
including:
...
- Linear
...
- properties
...
- ,
...
- where
...
- Effective
...
- Stiffness
...
- and
...
- Effective
...
- Damping
...
- may
...
- be
...
- specified
...
- for
...
- linear
...
- analysis
...
...
- .
...
- By
...
- default,
...
- these
...
- parameters
...
- are
...
- modeled
...
- in
...
- parallel;
...
- and
...
- Nonlinear
...
- properties
...
- ,
...
- where
...
- Stiffness,
...
- Damping
...
- Coefficient,
...
- and
...
- Damping
...
- Exponent
...
- are
...
- specified,
...
- and
...
- modeled
...
- in
...
- series.
...
- A
...
- linear
...
- link
...
- object
...
- is
...
- most
...
- suitable
...
- unless
...
- nonlinear
...
- damping
...
- is
...
- assigned
...
- using
...
- a
...
- Damping
...
- Exponent
...
- other
...
- than
...
- 1.0.
...
- This
...
- enables
...
- the
...
- modeling
...
- of
...
- a
...
- linear
...
- dashpot
...
- in
...
- parallel
...
- with
...
- linear
...
- stiffness
...
- for
...
- both
...
- linear
...
- and
...
- nonlinear
...
- analysis
...
- cases.
...